Located in the southwestern corner of Wales, Pembrokeshire is a stunning coastal county that boasts a rich and diverse history. From prehistoric settlements to medieval castles and fortified towns, Pembrokeshire has played a significant role in shaping Wales’ cultural heritage. With over 2,000 years of history to explore, this county is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts. So let’s delve into the fascinating history and culture of Pembrokeshire and discover why it should be on your travel bucket list.
Prehistoric Roots:
Pembrokeshire’s history begins long before recorded time, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the Paleolithic and Mesolithic eras. The county’s rugged coastline and fertile lands made it an ideal location for early settlers, who left behind numerous archaeological sites and artifacts. The most famous of these is the Pentre Ifan Burial Chamber, a Neolithic monument believed to be over 5,000 years old. The site consists of a large capstone supported by three upright stones and is considered one of the finest examples of a portal dolmen in the UK.
Iron Age and Roman Rule:
During the Iron Age, Pembrokeshire was inhabited by Celtic tribes, and their legacy can still be seen in the county’s place names. The Romans arrived in Wales in 48 AD, and Pembrokeshire became part of the Roman province of Britannia. The Romans built several forts and roads in the county, including the famous Carmarthen to St. David’s road, which is still in use today. However, their rule was short-lived, and by the end of the 4th century, the Romans had withdrawn from Britain, leaving behind a legacy of roads, forts, and villas.
Medieval Times:
The medieval period saw significant developments in Pembrokeshire’s history, with the arrival of the Normans in the 11th century. The Normans built numerous castles and fortified towns to assert their control over the region, including Pembroke Castle, which was the birthplace of Henry VII, the first Tudor king of England. The county also played a crucial role in the Norman conquest of Ireland, with many expeditions departing from its shores. The town of Tenby, with its well-preserved medieval walls and picturesque harbor, is a testament to Pembrokeshire’s strategic importance during this period.
Religious Heritage:
Pembrokeshire’s religious heritage is also a significant part of its history, with numerous churches, chapels, and monasteries scattered throughout the county. St. David’s Cathedral, located in the city of St. David’s, is one of the most iconic religious sites in Pembrokeshire. It is the final resting place of Wales’ patron saint, St. David, and has been a place of pilgrimage for over 1,500 years. Other notable religious sites include the Caldey Island Monastery, which is still home to a community of